Two Computational Process Models of Activity-travel Behavior

The ultimate goal of travel behavior analysis is to gain a full understanding of why people travel and to develop quantitative capabilities that facilitate the prediction of travel behavior. Toward this end, the individual’s travel behavior has been examined in connection with her activity engagement, with the recognition that travel demand is a derived demand. Studies from this viewpoint are referred to as “activity-based analyses of travel behavior” (for reviews, see Damm 1983; Jones et al., 1983; Kitamura, 1988; Jones et al., 1990; Axhausen & Gärling, 1992; Gärling et al., 1994; Ettema, 1996; and Kurani and Kitamura, 1996). Along with the recent developments of micro-simulation model systems of travel behavior, the activity-based analysis of travel behavior is now entering the stage of large-scale application to travel demand forecasting and policy analysis. This is of particular significance because of the following shifts in the focus of urban transportation planning.